IXIARO JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VALNEVA

Terms of Use

Last Updated: February 23,2018
Please read the following terms and conditions (the “Terms of Use”) carefully before using the Ixiaro.ca website and any other web pages or other online services that are owned by Valneva Canada Inc. or one of its affiliated corporations (“Valneva” or “us”) and which link to or refer to these Terms of Use (collectively referred to as the “Site“).
THESE TERMS CONTAIN DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES, DISCLAIMERS OF LIABILITY, AND A BINDING ARBITRATION CLAUSE AND CLASS ACTION WAIVER. PLEASE READ THEM CAREFULLY. IF YOU ARE NOT WILLING TO ACCEPT THESE TERMS OF USE, DO NOT ACCESS OR USE THE WEBSITE OR POST OR SUBMIT ANY MATERIALS ON IT.
Your use of the Site shall be deemed to constitute your agreement to be legally bound by Terms of Use. “Content” includes, without limitation, messages, information, data, text, software or images, or other content, articles, photographs, images, illustrations, audio clips, video clips and other materials or content available or posted on the Site (collectively, the “Content”).

1. Site Intended Audience

The Site is intended for and directed to residents of the Canada. The Site is not intended for anyone under the age of 18.

2. Disclaimers

THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING ANY ADVICE AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE WEBSITE, IS INTENDED SOLELY AS A GENERAL EDUCATIONAL AID. IT IS NOT INTENDED AS MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE ADVICE, OR TO BE USED FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OR TREATMENT, FOR ANY INDIVIDUAL PROBLEM. IT IS ALSO NOT INTENDED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR PROFESSIONAL ADVICE AND SERVICES FROM A QUALIFIED HEALTHCARE PROVIDER FAMILIAR WITH YOUR UNIQUE FACTS. ALWAYS SEEK THE ADVICE OF YOUR DOCTOR OR OTHER QUALIFIED HEALTHCARE PROVIDER REGARDING ANY MEDICAL CONDITION AND BEFORE STARTING ANY NEW TREATMENT. YOUR USE OF THE WEBSITE IS SUBJECT TO THE ADDITIONAL DISCLAIMERS AND CAVEATS THAT MAY APPEAR THROUGHOUT THE WEBSITE. WE ASSUME NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY CONSEQUENCE RELATING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY TO ANY ACTION OR INACTION YOU TAKE BASED ON THE INFORMATION, SERVICES, OR OTHER MATERIAL ON THE WEBSITE. WHILE WE STRIVE TO KEEP THE INFORMATION ON THE WEBSITE ACCURATE, COMPLETE, AND UP-TO-DATE, WE DO NOT GIVE ANY ASSURANCES, AND WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR, ANY DAMAGE OR LOSS RELATED TO THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, OR TIMELINESS OF THE CONTENT AND INFORMATION ON THE WEBSITE.
Moreover, Valneva does not guarantee nor warrant continuous, uninterrupted or secure access to the Site or to the tools or services provided through the Site. You should be aware the operation of the Site may be interrupted with or without prior warning or notice.
Valneva makes no representations whatsoever about any other website that you may access through the Site, such as where the Site provides a link to another website. A link to a website does not mean that Valneva endorses or accepts any responsibility for the content, practices, or use of such other website.

3. Intellectual Property and Permissible Use

The Site, including without limitation all Content, is protected by Canadian and worldwide copyrights laws and treaty provisions. Any unauthorized copying, redistribution, reproduction or modification of the Content by any person may be a violation of trademark and/or copyright laws and could result in legal action. You agree to comply with all applicable copyright laws.
You understand that the Site and the Content are available for your personal, non-commercial use only. You agree that the Site and the Content are the property of Valneva; including all intellectual property rights in them and that you have no right to use them other than as set out in these Terms of Use. We are not responsible for any harm or loss that you suffer in relation to any use you make of the Site for any business purposes or other purposes not authorized under these Terms of Use. We reserve the right to refuse or terminate access to the Site at our discretion. The Site is provided free of charge and we have no obligation to provide any maintenance or support services in relation to them and we are not responsible for any loss or damage you may suffer as a result of any failure to maintain or update the Site.
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You may use the Site only for lawful purposes and in accordance with these Terms of Use. You are granted a nonexclusive, nontransferable, revocable, limited license to view, print and distribute content retrieved from the Site for your personal, noncommercial purposes, provided that you do not remove or obscure the copyright notice or other notices displayed on the content. You may not copy, reprint, modify, display, perform, translate, distribute, adapt, broadcast, communicate to the public by telecommunication, circulate, or sell the content retrieved from the Site in any way, for any commercial use or provide it to any commercial source, including other websites, without the prior written permission of Valneva.
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We reserve all rights not expressly granted to you.
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4. Trademark Notices

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6. Additional Terms

Additional terms may govern certain features or content on the Site, such as offers, prize draws, competitions, contests and sweepstakes. By participating in any activity on the Site governed by additional terms, such as a prize draw, competition, contest or sweepstakes with Official Rules, you agree that you will be subject to those additional terms in addition to these Terms of Use.

7. Disclaimer of Warranties With Respect to Use of Site

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YOU UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT ANY MATERIAL AND/OR DATA DOWNLOADED OR OTHERWISE OBTAINED THROUGH THE USE OF THE SITE IS USED AT YOUR OWN RISK AND THAT YOU WILL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAMAGE TO YOUR COMPUTER SYSTEM OR LOSS OF DATA THAT RESULTS FROM THE DOWNLOAD OF SUCH MATERIAL AND/OR DATA. NO ADVICE OR INFORMATION, WHETHER ORAL OR WRITTEN, OBTAINED BY YOU FROM VALNEVA OR THROUGH THE WEBSITE SHALL CREATE ANY WARRANTY NOT EXPRESSLY MADE HEREIN.

8. Applicable Law and Jurisdiction; Arbitration; Class Action Waiver

The information on the Site is intended only for use by residents of Canada. Other countries may have laws, regulatory requirements, or medical practices that differ from those in Canada.
With respect to any and all disputes arising out of or relating to the Site or these Terms of Use (including without limitation the Privacy Policy), Valneva and you agree to negotiate in good faith and undertake reasonable efforts to cooperate with one another in order to achieve a mutually satisfactory resolution. If you and Valneva do not resolve any dispute by informal negotiation, any other effort to resolve the dispute will be conducted exclusively by binding arbitration as described in this section. You are giving up the right to litigate (or participate in as a party or class member) all disputes in court before a judge or jury. Instead, all disputes will be resolved before a neutral arbitrator, whose decision will be final. Any court with jurisdiction over the parties may enforce the arbitrator’s award.
YOU FURTHER AGREE THAT ANY PROCEEDINGS TO ARBITRATE OR LITIGATE ANY DISPUTE IN ANY FORUM WILL BE CONDUCTED SOLELY ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS. NEITHER YOU NOR VALNEVA WILL SEEK TO HAVE ANY DISPUTE HEARD AS A CLASS ACTION OR IN ANY OTHER PROCEEDING IN WHICH EITHER PARTY ACTS OR PROPOSES TO ACT IN A REPRESENTATIVE CAPACITY. No arbitration or other proceeding will be combined with another without the prior written consent of all parties to all affected arbitrations or proceedings.
Valneva and you agree that all disputes arising under these Terms of Use that cannot be settled through informal negotiation will be settled exclusively through confidential binding arbitration. The arbitrator’s award shall be binding and may be entered as a judgment in a court of competent jurisdiction. You agree that Valneva may seek any interim or preliminary relief from a court of competent jurisdiction in Ontario necessary to protect its rights or property pending the completion of arbitration.
Any claims not subject to arbitration shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Province of Ontario, and you agree to submit to the personal and exclusive jurisdiction of such courts. Use of the Site constitutes consent to the application of those laws, as well as of the following terms and conditions.

9. Limitations of Liability

YOU EXPRESSLY UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL VALNEVA, ITS AFFILIATES AND ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, MANDATARIES OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVES BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR AGGRAVATED DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF INCOME, SAVING OR PROFITS, LOSS OF DATA, LOSS OF GOODWILL, COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE SERVICES, OR ANY OTHER INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, HOWSOEVER CAUSED, AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE AND STRICT LIABILITY), OR OTHERWISE RESULTING FROM (1) THE USE OF, OR THE INABILITY TO USE, THE WEBSITE; (2) THE COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE SERVICES, ITEMS, OR WEBSITES; (3) UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO OR ALTERATION OF YOUR TRANSMISSIONS OR DATA (INCLUDING PERSONAL INFORMATION); (4) THE STATEMENTS OR CONDUCT OF ANY THIRD PARTY ON THE WEBSITE; OR (5) ANY OTHER MATTER RELATING TO THE WEBSITE. THESE LIMITATIONS WILL APPLY WHETHER OR NOT VALNEVA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES AND NOTWITHSTANDING ANY FAILURE OF ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY LIMITED REMEDY. THIS EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY SHALL APPLY TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAWS. ANY CLAIM AGAINST US SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT YOU PAID, IF ANY, FOR THE USE OF THE SERVICES.

10. Modification or Suspension of the Site

We will make reasonable efforts to make the Site available, but we may from time to time need to interrupt, restrict, modify or discontinue, temporarily or permanently the Site or parts of it without notice. We will not be responsible for any harm or loss you may suffer as a result of such actions.

11. Termination

We may at any time terminate your use of or access to the Site and may delete any or all of your User Content without prior notice if we have a good reason to do so which includes any breach by you of these Terms of Use and the Community Guidelines. We will not be responsible for any loss or harm you may suffer as a result of termination of your use of the Site in these circumstances.

12. Links to Third Party Sites

The Site may contain links or references to third party websites. These links are provided for your convenience only. No endorsement of any third-party products, services or information is expressed or implied by any information, material or content of any third party contained in, referred to, included on, or linked from or to the Site. Any information, data, opinions, recommendations, products or services provided by such third parties through links to other websites or otherwise made available through their websites are solely those of such third parties and not of Valneva. Your use of such third-party websites is subject to the terms of use and the privacy policies of such websites.

13. Indemnification

You agree to indemnify and hold harmless Valneva and its affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents, or other representatives from and against all claims, liability, damages and expenses, including without limitation all legal fees and costs arising from or relating to (a) your breach of these Terms of Use; (b) your use of the Site including without limitation transmission or placement of information or material by you on the Site; and (c) any claim or allegation that any of your User Content infringes the intellectual property or other proprietary rights, or privacy rights, of any third party.

14. Modifications to these Terms

We may make changes to the Terms of Use from time to time in our sole discretion, by updating these Terms of Use on the Site, and specifying the effective date of the new version of the Terms of Use. The “Last Modified” date at the top of these Terms of Use will indicate when the latest changes were made. Your continued use of the Site following the posting of a new version of the Terms of Use constitutes your acceptance of any such changes. Accordingly, whenever you visit the Site, you should check to see if a new version of the Agreement has been posted.

15. Contact Information

If you have any questions or concerns with respect to these Terms of Use or the Site you may contact us as identified in the Privacy Policy or the “Contact Us” section of the Site.

16. Severability

Should any part or provision of these Terms of Use be held unlawful, void, invalid, or unenforceable that portion shall be deemed severable from these Terms of Use and shall not affect the validity and enforceability of any remaining provisions.

17. Survival

All Sections shall survive the termination of the right to use the Site.

I confirm I am a Canadian healthcare professional


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Myth: Temporal and spatial distribution of JE can be predicted


Annual incidence JE is unpredictable. The number of cases may fluctuate from year to year, from season to season and from region to region.8,14

Spatial and temporal distribution of JE cases in mainland China in 2013 and 201414

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Myth: Risk for JEV transmission only exists in rural areas


Besides rural areas, circulation of JEV has been demonstrated in mosquitoes within several cities in Southeast Asia.15,16

Visitors to areas where JE is endemic, or epidemic are at higher risk of being infected with JE compared to the local population.1

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Myth: JE only occurs in travellers staying 30 days or more in endemic countries


Symptomatic JE has occurred in travellers visiting areas for a duration of travel shorter than 1 month.3

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Myth: Travellers are only bitten during the rainy season


Two epidemiologic patterns of JE occur:8,11

  1. In temperate areas, JE can be transmitted sporadically with periodic seasonal epidemics (May–October)
  2. In subtropical areas, JE is endemic, and transmission can occur throughout the year

Transmission may occur year-round8,11

Environmental factors can also play a key role in mosquito-borne transmission. This is especially due to climate change, which tends to influence the mosquito density.15

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Seasonality by country


Country Affected areas Transmission season
Australia Outer Torres Strait Islands, parts of four states on mainland (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria) November–May
Bangladesh Widespread Year-round with most cases reported July–November
Bhutan Presumed widespread in nonmountainous areas Unknown
Brunei Darussalam Presumed widespread Unknown
Burma (Myanmar) Widespread Year-round with most cases reported May–September
Cambodia Widespread Year-round with peak season May–October
China All provinces except Xinjiang and Qinghai Peak season June–October
India Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal Peak season May–November, especially in northern India; the season may be extended or year-round in some areas, especially in southern India
Indonesia Widespread Year-round, with peak season varying by island
Japan All islands June–October
Lao People’s Democratic Republic Widespread Year-round with peak season June–September
Malaysia Widespread Year-round, with peak season in Sarawak from October–December
Nepal Southern lowlands (Terai), some hill and mountain districts Peak season June–October
North Korea Presumed widespread Unknown
Proximity to South Korea suggests peak transmission May–November
Pakistan Unknown Unknown
Papua New Guinea Widespread Presumed year-round
Philippines Widespread Year-round with peak season April–August
Russia Primorsky Krai June–September
Singapore Presumed in focal areas Year-round
Sri Lanka Widespread except in mountainous areas Year-round with peak season
November–February
Taiwan Widespread Peak season May–October
Thailand Widespread Year-round with peak season May–October, especially in northern Thailand
Highest rates of disease reported from Chiang Mai Valley
Several traveller cases reported in recent years from resort and coastal areas of southern Thailand
Timor-Leste Presumed widespread No data
Proximity to West Timor suggests year-round
Vietnam Widespread Year-round with peak season May–October, especially in northern Vietnam
† Destination and transmission season information should be considered in association with travel duration and activities when making decisions on vaccination.13
‡ Data are based on published and unpublished reports. Risk assessments should be performed cautiously, because risk can vary within areas and from year to year, and surveillance data regarding human cases and JEV transmission are often incomplete. In some endemic areas, human cases among residents are limited because of vaccination or natural immunity among older people. However, because JEV is maintained in an enzootic cycle between animals and mosquitoes, susceptible visitors to these areas still may be at risk for infection.13
§ Outbreaks previously occurred in the Western Pacific Islands of Guam (1947–1948) and Saipan (1990), but as they are no longer considered risk areas, they are not included in the table.13

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Caractère saisonnier de l’encéphalite japonaise en fonction du pays


Pays Régions touchées Saison de transmission
Australie Îles du détroit de Torrès, parties de quatre États continentaux (Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Queensland, Australie-Méridionale et Victoria) Novembre à mai
Bangladesh Transmission généralisée À l’année, mais la majorité des cas sont signalés entre juillet et novembre
Bhoutan Transmission présumée dans les régions non montagneuses Aucune donnée
Birmanie (Myanmar) Transmission généralisée À l’année; majorité des cas signalés entre mai et septembre
Brunei Darussalam Transmission généralisée présumée Aucune donnée
Cambodge Transmission généralisée À l’année; saison de pointe de mai à octobre
Chine Dans toutes les provinces sauf Xinjiang et Qinghai Saison de pointe : de juin à octobre
Corée du Nord Transmission généralisée présumée Aucune donnée
La proximité avec la Corée du Sud donne à croire que la saison de pointe est de mai à novembre
Inde Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bengale occidental, Bihar, Goa, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Pendjab, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand Saison de pointe : de mai à novembre, particulièrement en Inde du Nord; la saison pourrait être prolongée ou annuelle dans certaines régions, en particulier dans le sud de l’Inde
Indonésie Transmission généralisée Toute l’année; saison de pointe variable selon l’île visitée
Japon Toutes les îles Juin à octobre
Malaisie Transmission généralisée Toute l’année; saison de pointe à Sarawak d’octobre à décembre
Népal Basses-Terres du Sud (Terai), certains districts dans les collines et les montagnes Saison de pointe de juin à octobre
Pakistan Aucune donnée Aucune donnée
Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Transmission généralisée Transmission toute l’année présumée
Philippines Transmission généralisée Toute l’année; saison de pointe d’avril à août
République démocratique populaire lao Transmission généralisée Toute l’année; saison de pointe de juin à septembre
Russie Kraï du Primorié De juin à septembre
Singapour De cas présumément signalés dans les secteurs d’intérêt Toute l’année
Sri Lanka Transmission généralisée sauf dans les régions montagneuses Toute l’année; saison de pointe de novembre à février
Taïwan Transmission généralisée Saison de pointe : de mai à octobre
Thaïlande Transmission généralisée Toute l’année; saison de pointe de mai à octobre, particulièrement au nord; les taux les plus élevés de maladie sont signalés dans la vallée du Chiang Mai; plusieurs cas ont récemment été signalés chez des voyageurs en visite dans les régions touristiques ou côtières de la Thaïlande du Sud
Timor-Leste Transmission généralisée présumée Aucune donnée
La proximité avec le Timor occidental donne à croire que la saison dure toute l’année
Vietnam Transmission généralisée Toute l’année; saison de pointe de mai à octobre, particulièrement au nord
† Pour décider des vaccins à administrer, on doit examiner les données concernant la destination et les saisons de transmission en fonction de la durée du voyage et des activités prévues13.
‡ Les données sont tirées de rapports publiés et non publiés. L’évaluation du risque doit s’effectuer avec prudence, car le risque peut varier à l’intérieur d’une même région et d’année en année, et parce que les données de surveillance concernant les cas chez l’humain et la transmission du virus de l’encéphalite japonaise sont souvent incomplètes. Dans certaines régions où le virus est endémique, les cas chez les résidents humains sont limités en raison de la vaccination ou de l’immunité naturelle chez les personnes âgées. Cependant, parce que le virus de l’encéphalite japonaise se maintient dans un cycle enzootique entre les animaux et les moustiques, les visiteurs susceptibles de contracter le virus qui se rendent dans ces régions pourraient être à risque d’infection13.
§ Des éclosions se sont produites dans l’île de Guam (1947-1948) et à Saipan (1990), mais ces pays ne figurent pas dans le présent tableau, car ils ne sont plus considérés comme des régions à risque13.

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Mythe : Les voyageurs se font piquer seulement durant la saison des pluies.


Le tableau épidémiologique de l’encéphalite japonaise est double8,11 :

  1. Dans les régions tempérées, l’encéphalite japonaise peut se transmettre de manière sporadique avec des épidémies saisonnières périodiques (de mai à octobre).
  2. Dans les régions subtropicales, l’encéphalite japonaise est endémique; la transmission peut survenir à tout moment de l’année.
 

La transmission peut survenir toute l’année8,11.

 

Les facteurs environnementaux peuvent également jouer un rôle important dans la transmission des maladies par les moustiques. Ceci est particulièrement vrai en contexte de changement climatique susceptible d’influencer la densité des moustiques15.

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Mythe : L’encéphalite japonaise ne survient que chez les voyageurs qui séjournent durant 30 jours et plus dans les pays où le virus est endémique.


L’encéphalite japonaise symptomatique est survenue chez des voyageurs qui ont séjourné moins de 1 mois dans des régions à risque3.

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Mythe : Le risque de transmission du virus de l’encéphalite japonaise n’existe que dans les régions rurales.


La présence du virus de l’encéphalite japonaise dans des moustiques a été démontrée non seulement dans les régions rurales, mais aussi dans plusieurs villes de l’Asie du Sud-Est15,16.

Les visiteurs qui se rendent dans les endroits où l’encéphalite japonaise est endémique ou épidémique sont à risque plus élevé de contracter une infection au virus de l’encéphalite japonaise comparativement à la population locale1 .

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Mythe : La distribution chronologique et géographique de l’encéphalite japonaise est prévisible.


L’incidence annuelle de l’encéphalite japonaise est imprévisible. Le nombre de cas pourrait varier d’année en année, de saison en saison et de région en région8,14.

Distribution géographique et chronologique des cas d’encéphalite japonaise en Chine continentale en 2013 et 201414

 

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Je confirme que je suis un professionnel de la santé canadien


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Déclarer une réaction indésirable pouvant être liée au médicament


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Report a possible adverse drug reaction


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I am a Canadian resident.


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Je réside au Canada.


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